Personal Statement Personal Philosophies - 1888 Words

8 ECE 525 Yiyin Wang Personal Philosophies First of all, I want to introduce myself, I?m original from China. I love kids, so I want to be a teacher. I think children are very pure than anything. I would like to share with them my experience to help them find their own way. And I believed that everything beginning from Zero, if you want to learn, you will learn a lot. Mathematic is my favorite subjects. I believed that it should connect with real world, for instance it can connect with money. And I believed that math teacher should prepare hands-on activities to help children to explore math, do not just read text book or give students theory that is not good for children to understand. Meanwhile, the teacher should hold children interested to frost children self-motivation for math. When I am students, I love learn math, which I would like to thank for my elementary math teacher, she is pretty activity. She prefer to use a lot of hands-on games to let students to explore. Which is really have huge influence on me. And when I took Dr. Pourdavood class which gave me more confidences to match up with my own believed. Students learn in different ways and at different rates. There are some ideas about way people learn that I believe are universal and which I learned and believed. Students learn best by doing: Experiencing a cube is more potent than a teacher telling a student that a cube is a six-sided figure with squares on each side. Students need a rich supply ofShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Personal Leadership Philosophy1494 Words   |  6 PagesSubj: PERSONAL LEADERSHIP PHILOSOPHY 1. Leadership is all around us regardless of position. Everyone, in some manner, has the opportunity to lead and make an impact whether at home or at work, low on the rank structure or at the top of the proverbial food chain. 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Hassan The student is the key element in the education process and teaching is in the heart of this process. The mentor should direct the student in his journey of study, and give him/her a clear space for creativity. My primary goal will be to help the students to think about their own thinking so they are able to recognize shortcomings and correct their reasoning as they go, as well as develop their skills, to be independent scholars. I am a lifelong learner

Organizational Parameters Influence Employee Satisfaction and Commitme

Question: What is the Organizational Parameters Influence Employee Satisfaction and Commitment in the Hospitality Industry. Answer: Introduction: There has been a drastic change in the structure of the industry; the value of output of the service industry is 70% of that of the GDP in the advanced countries. The economic development is greatly dependent upon the service sector. The tsunami in the year 2008 in Asia has dropped the demand for the hospitality services and the government was involved so that they are able to provide resources to the service sector so that they are able to revive economic development (Tavakoli, Tavakoli, and Pouresmaeil, 2013). The service sector is critical sector in the country Taiwan. There has been an increase in the scale of the hospitality industry year after year (Zopiatis, Constanti, and Theocharous 2014). Management of the employees is very important in the service industry. There is a greater degree of linkages with the factors like the satisfaction of the employees, value of the services, internal service quality, productivity and customer satisfaction (Domnguez-Falcn, Martn-Santana and D e Sa-Prez 2016). This clearly identifies with the improvement of the internal services there will be increased employee satisfaction which would increase the productivity and this would lead to external services value. Significance of the study: There is a significant impact of the job satisfaction and commitment as this is the reason why they have received attention of the practitioners and the academicians. The attitude of the employees towards the level of satisfaction and commitment are the indicators for solidarity between the members of the organization and the team members (Tan, Hussain and Murali 2014). Through organizational commitment, the employees they would be able to derive satisfaction (Kanyurhi and Bugandwa Mugu Akonkwa 2016). It is very important for the hospitality sector to realise what is the emotional connect of the employee towards the organization. This would help in knowing how longer they are able to serve the industry they are working for diligently. The relationship is a important factor for the employers of the organization. Problem Statement: In the research paper, the main problem involves the searching of the factors that tend to influence the satisfaction and commitment of the employees of the hospitality industry in Taiwan (Kara, Uysal, Sirgy and Lee 2013). The relationship will checked whether there is a positive relationship of the organizational commitment and Job satisfaction. There are a number of things, which influence organizational commitment and job satisfaction (Tsui, Lin, and Yu 2013). When the employees they are performing well then they can be awarded rewards ot monetary benefits so that they are committed towards the organization. It has been also seen that people tend to perform better when there is guidance by a leader (Zhao and Mattila 2013). This paper will help in understanding the is the strongest factor affecting satisfaction and commitment Research Objective: The following are the objectives of the research study: To identify the factors that would create an impact on the job satisfaction of the in the satisfaction and retention of the employees in the hospitality industry To determine the preferred dimension for the satisfaction of job in the scenario of an organization To identify the emotional commitment on the job satisfaction of the employees To identify the relationship of organizational commitment and job performance Research Questions: What are the factors that tend to effect the satisfaction of the job and retention of the employees in service sector? What is the preferred direction for job satisfaction in an organization? What is a relationship of emotional commitment on the job satisfaction of the employees? What is the relationship of organizational commitment and job performance employees? Methodology: The researcher for the research will undergo some set of methodology so that he is able to complete the research. The research methods will help in linking the data collections with the secondary sources of data i.e. the literature review. Research Design: The research design is mainly divided into exploratory, explanatory and the descriptive design. This a type of framework within which the research is going to be performed. In case of an exploratory research, there are new opportunities that are availed and there are no structured hypotheses. The researcher researches the hypothesis. The explanatory research is something that is repetitive in nature and this might occur at any time (6 and Bellamy 2012). In case of a descriptive research the researcher, take a hypothesis as given and then performs a detailed analysis. The researchers in this research will be using the descriptive approach that will help in understanding of employee job satisfaction and commitment in a hospitality industry. This will help in the examination of the relationship of job satisfaction and competitive advantage. Sample: The researcher uses the sample for conducting the research, as the entire population use will make the research difficult and time consuming. There are 7 employees chosen from the hospitality organization of Taiwan and 2 HR manager of the hospitality industry. Thus, the total sample size is 8. Population: The population size of the number employees of the hospitality organization is 50 while the population size of the manager is 4. The total population size is 204 Sampling Method: The main reason for using the sampling methods is that there is difficulty in the time and the budget constraints about the large population (Carey 2012). With the accurate population, there will be higher reliability and accuracy. In this particular research, there are non-probability methods of sampling. This means that there will not be any type of probability used in the sampling. The types of sampling under non-probability sampling are: Convenience sampling: This is a procedure were the samples or the units of the people who are quite conveniently available Judgement sampling: This is a type of the sampling procedure where the experienced research they are able to select the sample based on the type of the feature of the sample members (Creswell and Creswell 2013). Quota Sampling: The Quota sampling is a type of sampling technique that helps in ensuring that a certain type of the sample will be represented to the extent to which the investigator likes. Snowball sampling: The Snowball sampling is a sampling technique where the initial respondent as chosen by the methods of probability or non-probability methods. The initial respondents provide the additional responses Justification for the use of convenience method of sampling: The researcher due to its numerous advantages quite conveniently uses the use of the convenience sampling. This method is fast and this has attracted every researcher. When there is methods limited availability of time, then researcher they are able use this data collection. The method is swift and calculation can be done conveniently. There is a very little amount of preparation is required for the use of convenience sampling. With a large number of people, the researcher is able to reach the desired audience quickly. This type of sampling can be done easily through the framing of the questionnaires and then distributing it to the target group. The researcher will be able finish the collection of the data in a few hours without any worry about the population representation. This would help in easing the research and the researcher will be focusing on the analysis of the data rather than the collection of the data (Denzin and Lincoln 2013). This type of sample is easily available from the population and there is no need for the researcher top travel. Under the strict deadlines, the researcher employs this form of sampling rather than the other modes of sampling. The overheads are minimal, there are no more steps involved, and the researcher can take the sample from the local population group. This will help the researcher to fund in other aspects of the research project. Sample Size: There are 7 employees chosen from the hospitality organization of Taiwan and 2 HR manager of the hospitality industry. Thus, the total sample size is 8 Data Collection Tool: The collection of the data in a qualitative research can be done through choosing any of the observation, focus group and the interview. The researcher for this research will be using focus groups for the collection of the data. The focus group will be helpful in the in getting a detailed information and the insight. Focus group helps in creating an accepting environment and the participants they are able to provide responses of the questions with ease. The surveys will help in the collection of the information regarding the attitudes and the attributes of the people. The focus group is mainly small group where there is open discussion with that of the skilled moderator (Dicks 2012). The questions that are asked to the investors are not shown to the participants. There is homogeneity across the focus group of the participants. When the interest and availability is confirmed then there is a need for signing a confirmation. Analytical method and procedure: In case of data analysis, there are mainly three types of qualitative methods. The main qualitative methods are Ethnography, Grounded theory and Phenomenology. The researcher for this research will be using the grounded theory for analysing. The main intention for the use of the ground theory is the way of going beyond the description so that it helps in generating and the discovery of the theory, an abstract analytical schema of the process or interaction and action. The idea of the development of the theory is based on grounded in data from the participants who have experienced the process (Hammersley 2013). There is a general expression provided by the inquirer on the actions, process and interaction, which is shaped through the large number of participants. Coding is used for the grounded theory. The researcher will be developing and carefully using and updating the code list as which is the codebook. The codebook is the way of developing the theory from data. The researcher will be providing meaningful explanation through coding. Expected Contribution: The expected contribution involves either the use of contextual, theoretical or the practical research. The researcher will be using the contextual and the practical contribution. The context involves the use of the interview in the workplace of the users. The researcher will be getting detailed retellings of the research. The researcher will be able to get a practical knowledge on the research topic as the data is collected is from a real organization. Limitation and Challenges: When performing a qualitative analysis there is a lot of limitation that is faced by the researcher. The findings that are generated might be unique but there is involvement of less number of people in the research study. The qualitative research does not help the researcher to make quantitative prediction (Myers 2013). When there are a large number of participants so there is difficulty in the testing of the hypothesis. The collection of the data can be time consuming in the qualitative research (Supino and Borer 2012). The analysis of the data can be time consuming. The results of the research can be influenced by the personal biases of the researcher. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the service industry employees performance has an impact on the satisfaction of the customers and the performance of the corporate. The enhancement of the employees satisfaction, the organizational commitment and performance in the job is a critical issue in case of hospitality management industry. The hospitality sector is characterised by the labour services and heavily realise on the labor for the services in the restaurants and product delivery. In the research, it is expected that satisfaction of the employees be affected by the job stress. The proper external job stress will help in enhancing the employees performance in a job. In the service industry, the service sector plays a very important role. In the model that is proposed for hospitality industry, there exogenous variables that are taken are job stress, empowerment, leadership and internal marketing. The impact of the exogenous variables on the endogenous variable is highly positive. References: 6, P. and Bellamy, C. (2012).Principles of methodology. London: SAGE. Carey, M. (2012).Qualitative Research Skills for Social Work. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Creswell, J. and Creswell, J. (2013).Qualitative inquiry and research design. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Denzin, N. and Lincoln, Y. (2013).The landscape of qualitative research. Dicks, B. (2012).Digital qualitative research methods. London: SAGE Publications. Domnguez-Falcn, C., Martn-Santana, J.D. and De Sa-Prez, P., 2016. Human resources management and performance in the hotel industry: the role of the commitment and satisfaction of managers versus supervisors.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(3). Hammersley, M. (2013).What is qualitative research?. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Kanyurhi, E.B. and BUGANDWA Mugu Akonkwa, D., 2016. Internal marketing, employee job satisfaction, and perceived organizational performance in microfinance institutions.International Journal of Bank Marketing,34(5). Kara, D., Uysal, M., Sirgy, M.J. and Lee, G., 2013. The effects of leadership style on employee well-being in hospitality.International Journal of Hospitality Management,34, pp.9-18. Myers, M. (2013).Qualitative research in business management. Supino, P. and Borer, J. (2012).Principles of research methodology. New York, NY: Springer. Tan, A.L., Hussain, K. and Murali, S., 2014. Antecedents affecting employee service recovery performance in five star hotel. Tavakoli, H.M., Tavakoli, A.M. and Pouresmaeil, L., 2013. A Study of the Relationship between Time Management and Job Satisfaction.International Journal of Research in Organizational Behaviour and Human Resource Management,1(3), p.66. Tsui, P.L., Lin, Y.S. and Yu, T.H., 2013. The influence of psychological contract and organizational commitment on hospitality employee performance.Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal,41(3), pp.443-452. Zhao, X.R. and Mattila, A.S., 2013. Examining the spillover effect of frontline employees workfamily conflict on their affective work attitudes and customer satisfaction.International Journal of Hospitality Management,33, pp.310-315. Zopiatis, A., Constanti, P. and Theocharous, A.L., 2014. Job involvement, commitment, satisfaction and turnover: Evidence from hotel employees in Cyprus.Tourism Management,41, pp.129-140.

Jane Eyre free essay sample

The gothic romance novel â€Å"Jane Eyre,† by Charlotte Bronte, is essentially the story of a woman’s quest to find love. Through the many challenges in her life, Bronte portrays her character, Jane, as one who struggles not only with her gender and class, but also with her sense of belonging. Growing up in the absence of a mother, Jane struggles with her identity and her womanhood. Through the different stages of her life however, she encounters various women who nurture her and act as her guides and motherly figures. In building relationships with these women, Jane is able to learn from their experiences and, in turn, reflect on her own. Consequently, the relationships she makes with these women throughout the novel mould her identity and the decisions that she makes in life. Therefore, the role of these relationships are significant to the themes and overall plot of the novel. It is revealed in the beginning of this novel that Jane experiences a very rough and unloved childhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Growing up as an orphan, she is raised by her aunt, Mrs. Reid, who belittles and abuses her. Not only is she treated as an outsider by her aunt, but she is also bullied and beaten by her cousins, and is often locked her up in a room without food or water. In essence, Jane is unable to experience love from her own relatives, which tarnishes her idea of a family. However, in the absence of care from her aunt, one woman helps Jane endure the pain through her childhood and treats her with kindness and respect. Bessie, the maid at the Reid household, is the one woman who cares for Jane through this stage in her life by providing her with consolation from the abuse that she faces at home. It is through Bessie that Jane first experiences love from another person, which allows her to overlook the anger and pain in her life. She would tuck the clothes round me, and twice she kissed me, and said, ‘good night, Miss Jane. ’ When thus gentle, Bessie seemed to me the best, prettiest, and kindest being in the world (Bronte 31) † Although subordinate to Jane’s class, Bessie soothes Jane and understands her fears. Moreover, she accepts and loves Jane exactly the way she is. As the novel progresses, Jane’s quest for love becomes further evident. As she ages however, she has internal conflicts about the type of love which she wishes to find and endure. The type of love which she receives from Bessie as a child, however, is a reflection of pure and motherly love and is very significant in understanding Jane’s character. Jane’s relationship with Bessie aids her in quest for love, as this relationship allows her to recognize the meaning of love, and the type of love which she desires from another. As a result, her relationship with Bessie is a factor that certainly influences her decision of marrying Rochester at the end of the novel, instead of St. John Rivers, whom she realizes does not love her at all. As she matures into a young woman, Jane spends much of her time at Lowood School, away from her aunt and cousins. However, the obstacles in her life do not end, because she is in constant fear of the head master, Mr. Brocklehurst, who demeans her by instruction of her aunt. Although she is able to find support in a friend named Helen Burns, she loses Helen shortly to a fatal illness. During this point in her life, Jane loses trust in her faith and moreover, in her will to go on. When times seem dire and she feels lonelier than ever, Jane finds comfort in Miss Temple, her teacher and advisor at Lowood, who supports and understands her. Miss Temple provides Jane with kindness and support throughout her time at school and eases her pain after Helen’s death. In doing so, she helps Jane cope with her bitter childhood and helps her move forward; reviving her faith and spirituality by assuring her that she is not alone. As her governess, Miss Temple also stimulates Jane’s intellectual understanding by teaching her to read and write, and by supporting her love for art. As a result of this, Jane is able to educate herself and later pursue a career as a governess. Grateful, Jane realizes that she would have been lost without Miss Temple’s support. â€Å" To her instruction I owed the past part of my acquirements; her friendship and society had been my continual solace; she had stood me in the stead of mother, governess, and latterly, companion (Bronte 104). † As she moves forward in life, Jane learns the importance of an education for a woman of her particular class, and cherishes her intellect. Because she is of the working class and also a woman, she begins to realize that her status in society will always be at a low. However, she does find that because she is well educated, her background is able to render her an intellectual equal amongst the men who she encounters throughout the novel. Consequently, it is because of Ms. Temple that Jane has the strength to continue her studies at Lowood and therefore educate herself. Her resulting role as a governess aids her in her quest for love, as it is through this job that she meets the love of her life. Jane’s resulting occupation as a governess allows her to learn a lot about the roles of women in society, as well as the different classes to which each person belongs. Throughout the course of her job she meets many women, including those who are also of the working class, and others who she is subordinate to. When analysing the roles of these women, Jane finds that status causes for inequality amongst society, especially for women, who are already considered as being inferior to men. Distraught about her own place in society, Jane’s spirits are lifted by her cousins, Mary and Diana Rivers, who welcome her into their home and treat her with kindness. These women shelter Jane during a time at which she feels lost, and serve as her role models. Because both women are unmarried and live in equality with their brother, Jane learns through her cousins that women can be independent and equals to men. The girls, as soon as they left school, would seek places as governesses: for they had told her their father had some years ago lost a great deal of money, by a man he had trusted turning bankrupt; as he was now not rich enough to give them fortunes, they must provide for themselves (Bronte 137). † Although Jane constantly has inner conflicts about her status in comparison to the men who she encounters throughout the novel, after reflecting on her cousins’ lives, she realizes that a woman can essentially build her own status and live independently. Mary and Diana Rivers restructure Jane’s idea of a family, as she finally finds relatives who truly care about her. Moreover, these women aid Jane in her quest for love by reminding her of who she is, and what she deserves from a man. â€Å"‘Plain! You? Not at all. You are much too pretty, as well as too good, to be grilled alive in Calcutta. ’ And again she earnestly conjured me to give up all thoughts of going out with her brother (Bronte 235). † As a result, these women help Jane understand herself, and influence her to make the right decision of not marrying St. John Rivers, a man who could neither love her, nor understood her passions and beliefs. Conclusively, it is evident that through each stage in Jane’s life, she has the assistance of supportive female role models to help influence her actions and decisions in her quest for love. Moreover, these relationships help her get through difficult stages, as these women revive Jane’s faith through their love, support, and advice. Through building these relationships, she also builds her identity by realizing who Jane Eyre is as a woman. Jane’s life is essentially a reflection of the lives of these women, because from their knowledge and experiences she is able to create her own. Although her relationship with each woman is different, each relationship provides her with insight and essentially moulds the decisions that she makes throughout the novel. Consequently, it is clear that the relationships she carries with these women throughout the different stages of her life build the plot and overall scheme of this novel.

Le Noble Chevalier contre le Ballon Monstrueux †French 4 Essay

Le Noble Chevalier contre le Ballon Monstrueux – French 4 Essay Free Online Research Papers Le Noble Chevalier contre le Ballon Monstrueux french 4 essay On se trouve ici, au milieu de Founders Park, sur l’emplacement dun grand monument qui commà ©morera ceux que le nom de cet endroit honore – ceux qui ont à ©tabli notre facultà © il y a 125 ans. Ce sont eux qui ont en fait le droit de juger ce quon crà ©e en leur honneur, mà ªme sils ne vivent plus, car les à ©tudiants et les professeurs de cette università © ont la responsabilità © de parler leur nom, de dà ©fendre leurs idà ©es du savoir. On nous prà ©sente deux propositions qui marqueraient cet anniversaire: une noble statue dun ours californien avec un soldat de Troie sur son beau cheval, et un à ©norme ballon de football amà ©ricain. Il est à ©vident que celle-l honorerait le legs de la facultà ©, tandis que celle-ci ne pourrait que linsulter. On ne peut pas douter du fait que la statue de lancienne icà ´ne de notre à ©cole et des animaux est de loin le monument le plus approprià ©. Le chevalier de Troie est un symbole qui reprà ©sente toutes les facettes du caractà ¨re mà ©taphorique de là ©tudiant idà ©al quont prà ©vu les fondateurs. Le cheval sappelle le Savoir, sur lequel le jeune guerrier lutte contre les dà ©fis de son à ©poque, sur lequel il dà ©pend pour savancer vers la rà ©ussite. Il est fort – il lutte, mais il ne se rend pas avant sa mort. Et cà ´tà © de lui, il y a lours qui reprà ©sente cet à ©tat, la Californie, oà ¹ se trouvent tant doccasions et tant de beautà ©s qui attendent dà ªtre dà ©couvertes par les savants de cette facultà ©. Mais certains croient quil vaudrait mieux quon fasse un ballon monstrueux de football amà ©ricain pour honorer lhistoire de luniversità ©. Que cest ridicule! On passerait par ce parc chaque jour en voyant le jouet massif qui ressemble un ventre ballonnà © – il nous rendrait malades. La grande chose ridicule naurait ni valeur historique ni beautà © ( moins quon puisse trouver beau le bà ©ton simulant la peau de porc). Si on tient croire que le ballon reprà ©sente quelque chose dhistorique (notre à ©quipe de football), il faut considà ©rer ce quoi pensaient les fondateurs quand ils ont crà ©Ãƒ © la facultà ©: la culture du savoir – non pas la culture du corps. Le ballon devrait se trouver dans le jardin dun garà §on, pas dans une università ©. Cest le temps de se dà ©cider pour le monument qui honorera le mieux lhistoire de cette facultà ©. Il faut se souvenir du fait que ce monument restera toujours sur cet emplacement et quil nous rendra chaque jour soit fiers soit honteux. Il faut se souvenir des fondateurs, de leurs souhaits. Pour les honorer, on doit choisir la noble statue du chevalier de Troie et lours de la Californie. On ne peut quespà ©rer que lidà ©e de là ©norme ballon de foot tombera en oubli. Research Papers on Le Noble Chevalier contre le Ballon Monstrueux - French 4 EssayTrailblazing by Eric AndersonQuebec and CanadaHip-Hop is ArtThe Hockey GameAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Definition of Export QuotasThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementResearch Process Part One

Ethical Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical Article Analysis - Essay Example The banks will have expectations that loans are returned in full without default. The owners of the firm will expect that some black money is not being invested in their firm; they expect of the employees that their output or productivity matches their emoluments. They may have concerns as to there should not be wastage of resources and maximum production is being ensured at minimum cost. The consumers expect that they are charged reasonable prices for goods and services and firms are not seeking exorbitant profits. Moreover, consumers’ interests are not infringed by firms’ cartels or by price discrimination. General public will expect from firms that their operations are not detrimental for their health or not generating environmental pollution. The environmentalists concerns are that firms operations are not leading to ozone-layer depletion or loss of biodiversity. Government expectations are that corporate laws are not violated and firms pay taxes without evasion. Th e employees concerns are that they are paid fully for the services they render and there is no discrimination in salaries and promotions on the basis of sex differences or on any other ground. When so many different things from different quarters enter into the scene the financial decision will naturally be affected. In the business organization referred to in the article under consideration ethical concerns are categorized on the basis of the various publics with which the financial manager has to deal; these publics include the board of directors, the medical staff, vendors, regulatory agencies, employees, and consumers. A board of directors’ member interests may be in conflict with that of the organization due to his multiple roles; the board member may also represent an organization that is in competition with the institution for certain goods or services. Ethical concerns may also come up as a result

Organizational Communication Issue of Toyota Research Paper

Organizational Communication Issue of Toyota - Research Paper Example But apologies regarding how the whole situation of information shared and communication with public has been done came much later. Toyota through press releases responded to the government, NHTSA’s queries and through this releases it tried to defend itself by refuting the claims made by Toyota users regarding the possible cause of faults in the vehicle. But in spite of this, Toyota had to pay a $16.4 million fine to NHTSA in USA on April 19, 2010. It was found out that Toyota face media scrutiny which leads to increased confusion of stake holders and their criticism and questions. Toyota’s failure to respond to the public and government in transparent way and it denied the problem until asked to take actions (May 100-107). An important function of organization is communication during crisis time. A crisis can cause financial loss, decreased confidence of stakeholders and buyers purchase intentions from the organization. To handle the communication training should be given to the spokesperson. To Lerbinger, Feran-Banks and Coombs, attention should be placed on media relation in crisis time. This was important for Toyota which gave late and vague response in media regarding recall of vehicle. Communication should include pre drafted messages from top management and news releases which can be used during crisis. Corporate Leadership Council  and Business Roundtable  supported the use of these templates. PR personnel will play a key role in drafting these messages. A separate website can be created for a crisis situation or a section in existing website could be devoted to deal with these. Stakeholders and media turn up to internet during crisis situation. Taylor and Kent in 2007 persuaded the use of internet during organizational crisis. Quick response by informing the media and stakeholders about the cause and nature of crisis from the side of organization is very necessary or

Motherhood and slavery Essay Example for Free

Motherhood and slavery Essay As a capable black woman and as a mother, Sethe feels obligated to provide Beloved, whether her daughter or not, a bed to sleep in and somebody there not worrying you to death about what you got to do each day to deserve it (Beloved 67-68). Therefore, her job as mother, as caretaker, as life-giver and life-maintainer is never-ending, and because it is never-ending, it has the potential to take her to her grave. Beyond that, Sethe fears losing Beloved before she can make her understand that worse than killing her own daughter, —far worse—was what Baby Suggs died of what Ella knew, what Stamp saw and what made Paul D tremble. (Beloved 251). Although not entirely true, for Sethes best thing is herself, the one thing about herself that she values, that slavery has not taken away from her is motherhood. This, for Sethe, is maintaining a mental survival for her children, preventive medicine for the ills of slavery. As Kubitschek notes, On the plantations black womens nurturance—from the physical (nursing milk) to the metaphysical (energy and patience)—is used up primarily in working fields and tending white children (166). But for Sethe, who was able to have her children with her, the major means of protecting children from slavery is to value them and to communicate this value to them (Kubitschek 166). This is a sacrifice Sethe and many mothers, traditional and nontraditional, are more than willing to make. This becomes especially painful in part two of the novel. When Sethe thinks about Beloved and her own actions, she says she will explain it all to Beloved, reflecting, How if I hadnt killed her she would have died and that is something I could not bear to happen to her Ill tend her as no mother ever tended a child, a daughter. Nobody will ever get my milk no more except my own children (Beloved 200). Here we can see transforming and destereotyping potential of Sethes actions. She goes on thinking of how she will change, how she can mother now as a free woman. In this case, it is as if Sethe must be a nontraditional, unstereotypical mother in order to accomplish the traditional mothering role she wants to attain. She also reflects on her faults when Beloved returns, how she was distracted by Paul D and should not have been. But it is at this point that she demonstrates the difference between man and woman, between father and mother. Kubitschek argues that In the twilight area of an illegal freedom, Sethe has immediately, upon being summoned back to slavery, acted on a slave definition of mothering: presence is all (167). Being together, even if dead together, was enough. Presence is all. Lucille Fultz cites Marsha Darlings interview with Morrison in which Morrison asserts: Under the theatrical conditions of slavery, if you made that claim that you are the mother of these children you were claiming the right to say something about what happens to them. Morrison terms Sethes commitment to her children an excess of maternal feeling, a total surrender. This surrender is configured in Sethes desire to protect her daughter from the ills she suffered as a female slave. (40) Sethe takes her protection of her children one step further. Fultz contends that Through desire and knowledge Sethe achieves subjectivity for herself and her children. She refuses to subscribe to the system that treats her and her family as objects (38). She especially needs to make up to Beloved, perhaps because she killed her, or perhaps because the death separated them as Sethe had been separated from her own maam. Kubitschek asserts, Still defining motherhood as keeping her children with her, Sethe cannot reject the ghosts presence (167). Perhaps it is more a loss of a time component than the actual murder component that Sethe regrets. Thus, because she spent so little time with her own mother, she must spend as much time with her daughters as possible, which leads to their month of playing together. Morrison visually paints their month, noting the star-loaded sky, sweet milk, string puzzles in afternoon light, shadow pictures in the gloaming, a garden of vegetables and flowers (Beloved 240). All of this serves Sethes purpose until Beloved decides it is not enough, and Denver realizes that her mother could die and leave them both and what would Beloved do then? (Beloved 243). Beloved has no life of her own, no name, and never did. She was never called anything but the crawling already? girl and Beloved as her gravestone marked her. Not a name to cling to. Morrison tells us that Everybody knew what she was called, but nobody anywhere knew her name (Beloved 274) because she is a representation of life, many lives, but does not get the opportunity to live her own. She can be the woman during the Middle Passage; she can be the woman in slavery; she can be the woman who escaped slavery; and she is all of these. She embodies each and every woman of the African American motherline and is also linked to Sethes own mother who, like the murdered granddaughter, remains nameless (OReilly 86, 87). But as a result, she is never herself. Morrison poetically crosses three generations of women, who learn and demonstrate survival skills, in a very matriarchally religious trinity—mother: Sethes mother; daughters: Sethe and eventually Denver; and holy ghost: Beloved. Each fights for survival of herself, and of future generations through different means. Sethes mother rebels and is hanged, but impresses upon her daughter what truly matters—the self and a sense of connection with ones own matrilineal line. Sethe escapes slavery with her children and is willing to kill them so that they may survive maintaining their natural selves. Beloved is reincarnated. This is her survival, but it also leads to Denvers ability to survive on her own, which further protects and preserves the potential for future generations. Essentially, all these women can fight for survival at this point in the novel because there is a sense of belonging, of necessity. Sethe gives herself inherence when she places complete necessity on herself for the responsibility of her children. Morrison describes Sethe as a free woman, as a free mother, writing, Freeing yourself was one thing; claiming ownership of that freed self was another (Beloved 95). But that is what Sethe is able to do. In the Clearing, she claims herself. At this point, she is finally able to attach herself to the self that she can create. As a result, she can also, hi her mother role, help begin to claim selfhood for those around her. Thus, she returned to 124, opened the door, walked in and locked it tight behind her and when Sethe locked the door, the women inside were free at last to be what they liked, see whatever they saw and say whatever was on their minds (Beloved 198, 199). This is all part of Sethes role as mother. She defends others, her own girls especially, with her whole body, her whole home. Yet, the one thing she does not immediately understand or establish for herself, until Paul D makes her realize it, is that Beloved, her crawling already?girl, was not her best thing. Sethe is a woman destined for survival early on because of the actions she takes and the decisions she makes as a mother, but she cannot see her personal value beyond powerful motherhood until the end, when she is a free woman: free of slavery, free of Beloved, beginning to be free of the past, free of the blame of murdering her daughter to save her, and free of the blame of making the ink schoolteacher used to assess their animal characteristics and measurements (Beloved 271). Then and only then does she fully comprehend the destereotyped notion of best thing as herself. Redefining motherhood for herself, Sethe also redefines the foundation of humanity. By making her character commit that horrible act, Toni Morrison asks her reader: is the inhumanity in Sethe’s killing of the baby or is it in the horrible system that drives her to commit this act? Playing with the reader’s mind, Morrison dislocates scenes of the slaves’ beating that are prevalent in narratives of slavery. For the image of the master holding the stick, she substitutes that of the slave committing a violent act on her own child. From now on the slave is given the opportunity to have a voice. Why murder her baby? With this infanticide, Sethe’s writing of history undermines the ideology that founded the white masters. This ideology, based on a racial and gendered duality, locates humanity within the white race. It is this vision and appropriation of humanity that Morrison attacks. If humanity lies in the empowerment of the white man who engages in a violent exploitation of the non-white, driving the latter to kill her child, where does inhumanity stand?